Mushroom is the common name for a group of infectious fungal diseases, which develop on the skin (athlete's foot) or nails (onychomycosis).
There are many different fungi that are parasitic on the human body. They cause many unpleasant symptoms and complicate human life. The most common infection of the fungi of the genus Candida.
Causes for fungal infection
Cause of nail fungus infection micro-organisms. The penetration of micro-organisms on the human body occurs through the previously damaged nail or skin.
Cause damage can be:
- The mechanical injuries.
- Exposure to aggressive chemical substances (caustic detergents, etc.).
- Clothes and shoes are made of poor quality synthetic materials, which do not absorb moisture and is not breathable.
- Sweating, which provides an optimal environment for the growth and reproduction of pathogenic micro-organisms.
- Deformity of the foot, which causes the deterioration of aeration, which leads to contamination of mycosis.
- The high growth rate of the nail, which can damage the skin.
- Low personal hygiene.
- Reduce the protective properties of the immune system.
- Varicose veins disease.
- Climatic conditions (high humidity).
- Old age. In older people this disease occurs a lot of thickets.
- Accidents in the workplace.
- Basic disease.
Antibiotics, corticosteroids and chemotherapeutic agents that disrupt the natural microflora of the person, which protects the human skin from the accession of infections.
Of particular danger are the wooden floors and benches. The spores of the fungus to penetrate the tree and begin to multiply there. Remove to keep the surface of the wood the fungus is very difficult. This requires regular care with a special disinfectant.
Symptoms
Symptoms of foot fungus can vary, depending on the shape, but the most common are itching and abnormal deformation of the skin.
Symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma form of fungal infection
Since the formation of the stratum corneum is the seal of the dermis. This form is also called "athlete's foot" and "lignum mushroom", because of the deformation of the epithelium is thickening of the foot.
In this form of foot fungus person most often experiences the following symptoms:
- Part of the foot (the sole) is covered with a thick layer of the dermis, it creates the kind worn on the feet Shoes.
- The horny part comes rough, and it is covered with thick calluses that started to crack and hurt.
- Rough skin begins to peel off. The skin looks as if sprinkled with flour.
- The patient constantly feels itchy and bothersome itching.
- There is thinning of the nail plate where the nail starts to break down and crumble.
Symptoms dyshydrotic forms
Because the skin on the feet is thick enough, the first time these bubbles are not visible, other symptoms of the disease at this stage is not observed.
You can see the appearance of small bubbles in areas with thinner skin (between the toes or hands).
Later the bubbles start to itch, the patient experiences intense, disturbing pruritus. At some point the bubbles burst, the skin begins to peel away from the surface of the skin is exfoliation of the thin plates of keratinized layer of the skin.
Symptoms intertriginosny forms
Intertriginous in the form of a mushroom (or toes) is one of the most common and unpleasant type of pathology. The infection affects the toes area.
The skin fold between the toes is affected a fissure or ulcer, surrounded by scaly skin nekrotizirovannah greenish color.
When it comes to mukovidnoe peeling, the fingers look as if sprinkled with flour.
The itching is, but it is easier to combat, it is not unbearable and does not cause discomfort. Rarely bullous skin is covered with blisters that contain fluid inside.
Symptoms of onychomycosis
Nail fungus is a common fungal disease of the Horny layer of the dermis (the nail plate). Immediately after contact with the skin of the fungus begins to actively proliferate, hitting the skin and cause itching.
A man tries to get rid of it, began to comb the affected areas, the skin is injured, covered with small cracks and scratches, in addition to the risk of Developing bacterial or viral infection.
Hypertrophic onychomycosis
In hypertrophic onychomycosis of the nail plate starts to deform. It is clear, it changes color, loses its luster, thickened and partially destroyed. It gives a person a lot of discomfort, especially if she has to go to tight or uncomfortable shoes.
Normal onychomycosis
This onychomycosis of the nail plate is not deformed and does not change its shape and structure. The only change nail color to the normal-yellowish-brown. Maintain a normal nail Shine.
Atrophic onychomycosis
In this case, the nail color changes to brownish, the nail becomes thinner and gradually separates the bed of the nail plate.
Diagnosis of the disease
In most cases, the fungus can be diagnosed by symptoms alone. The doctor can make a diagnosis after examination of skin and nails, as well as after the medical history.
Also, your doctor may take a sample of skin or nail, cut it the blade. Special tests help to determine the type of fungus, and pick up medications and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. In some situations, you may need a skin biopsy.
Treatment of mycosis of the foot
Below is a look at the most popular tools and methods for the treatment of fungus.
Treatment for nail fungus
When the disease is at an early stage, it is reasonable to use only external preparations, for example, antimycotic varnish, aqueous solutions, creams and gels. There is a wide variety of different drugs.
The treatment can be carried out using a special serum. There are patches, the main effect of which is aimed at peeling away the damaged nail plate.
Treatment of mycosis between fingers
It is better to use combined therapy, using external products and medicines for internal use.
If the fungus has not had time to spread over the entire surface of the foot, it can only be solved by external means.
In most cases, experts determine the local drug (ointment), which contains fungicidal and fungistatic components.
Treatment of fungal infection at home, how to improve quickly
Below is a look at the most popular and effective ways and means for the treatment of athlete's foot at home.
Soda
In order to get rid of nail fungus at home helps as a popular tool, such as the soda paste.
In order to prepare it, you only need a little bit of baking soda, lemon juice and water. Take the necessary to treat all affected surfaces the amount of soda.
Place it in a glass bowl. Slowly add a small amount of water at room temperature to form a homogeneous slurry.
After obtaining a homogeneous mass, apply it to the affected areas. After that, when the mass is evenly distributed on the nail plate, sprinkle with a small amount of lemon juice.
The result is a chemical reaction, during which you can feel a slight burning sensation. Wait 5 minutes and rinse with plenty of warm water and dry feet with a clean towel. Repeat this procedure every other day, until, until you grow healthy nail plate.
Treatment with hydrogen peroxide
Treatment of fungal can help to compress the use of hydrogen peroxide. The manufacturer needs only hydrogen peroxide and cotton balls or a cotton swab. For this, a cotton swab impregnated with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and apply to the affected nail.
Packed solid polyethylene, creating a greenhouse effect. Packed with hands held up to 20 minutes, foot pack hold for about an hour. The course of treatment lasts two weeks and depends on how advanced the disease.
The Overlay compress you need to repeat 2 times a day. After removing the compress, rinse the nail with warm water, dry and treat with antifungal medication.
Treatment iodine
Treatment fungus iodine should buy from the pharmacy the usual 5% alcohol solution of iodine.
Moisten the iodine with a cotton swab or a cotton swab and apply carefully to the affected areas 2 times a day – morning and evening.
Try to get healthy skin areas. In this case, healthy skin is damaged change the color to brown-yellow and covered with cracks.
This means, you can not use in the presence of hypersensitivity to iodine.
Vinegar
The most effective folk remedy for the treatment of stroke is considered an ordinary Apple or wine vinegar, you can also use them to focus on. The manufacture of compresses using a mixture of 9% vinegar and warm water. 1 part vinegar to 8 parts water.
2 tablespoon 70% vinegar mixed with 2 tablespoons of vodka and three egg whites (instead of eggs you can take glycerin). All these ingredients are mixed until a homogeneous mixture and apply to the affected areas twice a day. Store in refrigerator for up to 3 days.
You can mix apple cider vinegar with any vegetable oil (sea buckthorn, olive, sunflower, peach) in a ratio of one to one.
The use of these compositions in the same way. You can do this, moisten a cotton swab or gauze. Swab applied to the affected area.
Pack the moistened drug in a mixture as the drying. Keep it, you need half an hour to an hour, after which the poultice is removed, the foot washed with plenty of warm water, dried.
Repeat the procedure needs at least 1 time a day for two weeks.
Be careful when treatment with compresses of vinegar. When the first signs of Allergy or skin lesions should immediately stop the treatment and contact your doctor.
Celandine
The treatment of the fungus actively apply the oil of celandine. Perform the procedure I suggest 1 time a day before bedtime. Before use, prepare a soda bath (1 tablespoon of baking soda 3 liters of water) and steamed her toes or fingers are affected by fungus.
After that, fingers carefully wiped with clean towels. The affected areas with a cotton swab or a cotton swab to apply the oil of celandine.
For successful treatment it is necessary to carry out the procedure regularly until complete recovery.
During treatment, the nail plate will change color to orange. However, celandine can cause quite strong allergic reaction, so be careful.
Cream medicinal plants
The treatment of the fungus to cope with ointment of herbs. For this you need to finely chop the thyme powder. 1 part powder to 4 parts vaseline. During treatment you can apply garlic on the inside, to ensure comprehensive treatment.
Cream honey and eucalyptus
To prepare this lotion you need to take 15 g of liquid honey, 15 g of softened butter, 1.5 teaspoons of vinegar. This mixture is stirred until smooth and added to 25 drops of eucalyptus essential oil or tea tree.
Stir the mixture again until a homogeneous mass, and keep in the refrigerator for three days. The finished composition should be applied to the affected areas once a day.
Prevention
- You must first follow the hygiene of the skin, the risk of destruction of fungal infection (skin of hands, feet, nail plates). Wash the skin of the feet and hands with soap and water daily, after washing, gently wipe the skin. Especially the folds.
- Socks and shoes made of natural materials (cotton, linen). Such materials adequate ventilation and absorb excess moisture. Change your socks every day to clean, because they can accumulate pathogenic micro-organisms.
- The shoe is made of breathable materials. It should not squeeze, RUB or cause any harm. In summer time suitable for most outdoor-shoes with perforations.
- Regular treatment of the inner part of the Shoe, especially one that can not be washed, particularly antibacterial agents. Let the shoes dry after the treatment.
- Need to wash underwear at a temperature below 60 °C. the high-antimicotic and antibacterial effect linen should be ironed.
- Use the individual rubber shoes easily processed materials while visiting public showers, saunas, spas and swimming pools.
- Don't use someone else's shoes, towels and bathrobes. Don't use other people's personal hygiene.
- Will not start a fungus. To start treatment when the first symptoms. The sooner treatment begins, the easier it is to improve.
- Carefully observe the specific medical treatment plan. If you stop the treatment before fully cured the fungus, you may experience a relapse.
Conclusion
Nail fungus is a complex and common disease, which is very easy to get infected. To avoid this, follow the rules of prevention. However, if you are already infected – it is necessary to consult a doctor who will help you choose a suitable individual treatment and get rid of this problem.